Do sucking habits in preschool children influence the position of the primary incisors?

The aim of this study was to verify whether sucking habits influence the position of the primary incisors. The sample comprised 34 preschool children (mean age 44 months ± 9 months). They were divided into three groups: group B (n=9) with a baby bottle habit; group BP (n=13) with baby bottle and pacifier habits; and a control group C (n=12) with no sucking habit. Data were derived from face-to-face interviews with the parents/guardians, oral examinations, study casts, facial photographs (frontal/lateral views), and cephalograms. The cephalograms were scanned and subsequently analyzed by one trained and calibrated operator. The cephalometric parameters recorded were: interincisal angle (U1/L1), U1/NA (angle/distance), and L1/NB (angle/distance). The data were analyzed using Stata 7.0. The Kruskall-Wallis test was used to compare the cephalometric measurements in the children with and without sucking habits. The level of significance was set at P≤.05. This study found a significant relationship between existing sucking habits and a protrusion of the maxillary and mandibular primary incisors.

A influência dos hábitos de sucção de chupeta e uso de mamadeira na dentição decídua / Influence of pacifier and baby bottle in primary dentition

Verifica-se a deficiência de informações sobre o momento do início das alterações faciais e dentárias presentes na criança portadora de hábitos de sucção. Portanto, objetivou-se descrever as características oclusais da dentição decídua em pré-escolares de diferentes faixas etárias e avaliar a frequência e gravidade da mordida aberta anterior; a inclinação dos incisivos decíduos em relação as suas bases ósseas; o ângulo interincisal; o trespasse horizontal; a prevalência de mordida cruzada posterior; e a relação entre os caninos e o tipo de plano terminal. A amostra foi composta por 34 pacientes distribuídos em: grupo M (nove pacientes): com o hábito de mamadeira; grupo MC (13 pacientes): com o hábito de mamadeira e chupeta; grupo C (12 pacientes): controle (sem hábitos). A coleta de dados foi realizada através de entrevistas face a face, exame clinico, modelos de estudo, fotografias intra e extrabucais e radiografias cefalométricas laterais. Observou-se uma maior frequência de mordida aberta anterior nos grupos "mamadeira" e "mamadeira e chupeta". Verificou-se uma diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os grupos quando se avaliou a presença de mordida aberta e a prática de hábitos (p=O,02). A chance de apresentar mordida aberta anterior era 9,2 vezes maior entre as crianças que praticavam algum hábito de sucção (p=O,05). As medidas lineares dos incisivos superiores e inferiores em relação às suas bases ósseas mostraram um aumento estatisticamente significativo em relação à prática de hábitos de sucção. Concluiu-se que o hábito de sucção apresenta efeitos deletérios nas características de normalidade da dentição decídua em idade pré-escolar.

This study aims to describe preschool oclusal characteristics of the deciduous dentition in different phases and evaluating alterations ofthe normal occlusion, while associates the pacifier sucking habits and the use of baby's bottle. The study purposed association related to the existence of each type of habit with: frequency and gravity of the open bite; inclination of the deciduous incisors in the bone baseline; interincisal angle; overjet; prevalence of posterior crossbite; relation between canines and molars. The population was defined as children who presented complete deciduous dentition, of both gender, wuh ages between 2 and 5 years. Sample was composed of 34 patients distributed in: Group M (9) - baby's bottle habit, without use of pacifier; GroupMe (13) - habits of baby 's bottle and pacifier; Group C (12) - control (without sucking of pacifier or baby's bottle). The data 's collection was carried through interviews, clinical examination, study models, photographs and cephalometric x-rays. The results showed a high frequency of anterior open bite in patients of habits groups. Patients between 21 and 36 months presented a higher prevalence of anterior open bite when compared witn others (p=O.02). Through the logistic regression it was verified that the possibility to present open bite was 9.2 times higher between children who practiced some sucking habits (p=O.05). Moreover,linear measures of upper and lower incisors in the baseline bone had shown significant increase in patients wuh sucking habits. This study concluded that sucking habits practice have deleterious effects in primary dentition of preschool children.